H2O + 0.0029 mM   Al2(SO4)3
+ 0.0029 mM   Al2(SO4)3
+ 0.0029 mM   Al2(SO4)3
+ atmospheric CO2   (pCO2 = 3.408)

pH = 4.89

  (at 25 °C)
Electrical conductivity:   10.0 µS/cm   (info)
Ionic strength:   0.107 mmol/L   (info)
Alkalinity:   0.0 meq/L   (info)
Total hardness:   0.053 meq/L   (info)
Carbonate hardness:   0.0 meq/L   (info)
Redox potential (Eh):   77 mV  

(NOTE: No   preselected minerals   precipitate.)


Elements   (in mM)

C(4) DIC 1.38e-02
S S 2.63e-02
S(6) Sulfate 2.63e-02
S(4) Sulfite 5.10e-16
Al Al 1.75e-02

Aqueous Species   (in mM)

H+ 1.30e-02
OH- 7.88e-07
CO2 1.33e-02
HCO3- 4.66e-04
CO3-2 1.76e-09
Al+3 7.85e-03
AlOH+2 5.72e-03
Al(OH)2+ 3.36e-03
Al(OH)3 3.81e-05
Al(OH)4- 5.64e-06
AlSO4+ 5.54e-04
Al(SO4)2- 4.30e-07
AlHSO4+2 6.55e-10
HSO4- 3.10e-05
SO4-2 2.57e-02
HSO3- 5.07e-16
SO3-2 2.76e-18
H2 2.86e-13

Minerals   (Ksp values)

Mineral Formula SI Saturation state
Al(OH)3(a) Al(OH)3 -1.28 under-saturated
Diaspore AlOOH 2.64 super-saturated
Boehmite AlOOH 0.94 super-saturated
Gibbsite Al(OH)3 1.41 super-saturated
Jurbanite AlOHSO4 -1.64 under-saturated
Sulfur S -15.76 under-saturated
AlMetal Al -94.42 under-saturated

Disclaimer:   The pH calculator has been tested with great care. Nevertheless, the results are provided without warranty.